For example, do golden retrievers score significantly higher on "human sociability" than other breeds? (Note that this analysis did not ask "Do most golden retrievers score high on 'human sociability?' – it asked about differences between individual breeds and all other dogs. In the context of this paper, these terms mean "the group of questions in this particular factor." (All the factor names are in Fig 2, which is reproduced later on in this post.)īoth individual questions and factors were compared across breeds to seek differences. Some of these names, particularly "biddability," overlap with words that are used in other contexts to have very specific meanings. While grouping happened computationally, without human input, the researchers then read each group of questions and gave them names to represent what they seemed to be about (e.g., "human sociability," "biddability"). The 117 survey questions were grouped into 8 "factors." A factor is a group of related questions. Previous canine behavioral genetics studies used "breed average" behavior data (average behavioral results for all dogs of a particular breed) and/or genotype data, so this study sets a new standard by connecting the behavioral data of an individual dogs to that dog's genomic data, rather than using data from a pool of other dogs of the same breed.Īny pet dog was eligible to be enrolled, no matter the breed or mix. Behavioral assessments, even when done by professionals with deep dog behavior experience, are snapshots of a dog's behavior on a single day and are commonly found to be invalid when tested (Patronek, 2019). However, owners have a long-term understanding of their dogs' behavior that is superior to the alternative means of assessing dog personality, i.e., the behavioral assessment. Owner lack of understanding of dog body language may influence the data. Use of owner behavior surveys is a widely-accepted approach to collecting data on animals who have owners or caretakers (Gosling, 2001). The website was advertised on social media. Multiple previously developed, validated surveys were used on a public website ( Darwin's Ark) to collect behavioral information from the owners of pet dogs.
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